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The ''Quinque viæ'' (Latin, usually translated as "Five Ways" or "Five Proofs") are five logical arguments regarding the existence of God summarized by the 13th-century Catholic philosopher and theologian St. Thomas Aquinas in his book ''Summa Theologica''.〔ST I.2.3〕 They are: # the unmoved mover; # the first cause; # the argument from contingency; # the argument from degree; # the teleological argument ("argument from design"). Aquinas expands the first of these – God as the "unmoved mover" – in his ''Summa Contra Gentiles''.〔Section 1.13 (in (Latin ); in (English )).〕 He omitted those arguments he believed to be insufficient, such as the ontological argument due to St. Anselm of Canterbury. The 20th-century Catholic priest and philosopher Frederick Copleston devoted much of his work to a modern explication and expansion of Aquinas' arguments. == The Five Ways == The proofs take the form of scholastic arguments.〔''ST'', Ia, q. 2 a. 3 co. ((Latin ) and (English ))〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Quinque viae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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